What dietary modification is typically recommended for patients with cardiovascular disease?

• A. Salt restriction only
• B. High sugar high fat diet
• C. Limit saturated fat and cholesterol; emphasize fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and omega-3
• D. Increase saturated fat intake

Answer: (C)

Dietary choices directly influence cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, and overall cardiovascular risk. The best approach for someone with cardiovascular disease is to limit saturated fats and dietary cholesterol, and to replace these with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and sources of omega-3 fatty acids. This pattern helps lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, supports healthy weight, and can improve blood pressure when part of an overall lifestyle plan (think Mediterranean-style or DASH-inspired eating). Omega-3 fats from fish or plant sources add anti-inflammatory benefits and further help triglyceride levels. Salt restriction can aid blood pressure but doesn’t address lipid risk by itself, whereas a high sugar, high fat diet worsens cardiovascular risk. Increasing saturated fat would counteract the goal.